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RE1 unit 5c 讲述了One Bryant Park Center 的建筑

课文里说 ... Going into New York City, you basically lose two days. It is true what they say , this is the city that never sleeps. 

除了One Bryant, 数一下NY 最著名的几个建筑， 由于实在太多， 仅仅举几个例子. 

NY又别名为Empire State----帝国州....一个伟大的，传奇的城市。

No city's skyline is quite as iconic or beautiful as New York City's. Chicago may be the place where the skyscraper was born, and cities like Seattle and San Francisco have recognizable landmarks, but New York is where some of the world's most important buildings—the Empire State Building, the Chrysler Building, the Seagram Building—can be found.

没有哪个城市的天际线像纽约的天际线那样具有标志性和美丽。芝加哥可能是摩天大楼的诞生地，西雅图和旧金山等城市也有著名的地标，但纽约是一些世界上最重要的建筑的所在地——帝国大厦、克莱斯勒大厦和西格拉姆大厦等。

But New York's skyline icons aren't limited to tall towers: Grand Central Terminal and the New York Public Library are the pinnacle of Beaux Arts beauty, while outer-borough landmarks like the New York State Pavilion in Flushing, Queens, show that architectural innovation isn't merely limited to Manhattan.

但纽约的天际线标志并不仅限于高楼大厦:中央车站(Grand Central Terminal)和纽约公共图书馆(New York Public Library)是美术美的顶峰，而皇后区的纽约国家馆(New York State Pavilion)等区外地标表明，建筑创新并不仅限于曼哈顿。

Some new structures, meanwhile, like Santiago Calatrava’s Oculus in Lower Manhattan, are now so indelible to the urban fabric that they’ve already achieved the status of icons.

与此同时，一些新建筑，如圣地亚哥卡拉特拉瓦(Santiago Calatrava)在曼哈顿下城设计的Oculus奥克卢斯，如今已成为城市不可磨灭的标志。

01

 Brooklyn Bridge

Okay, it's not a building, but the Brooklyn Bridge is one of the most well-known symbols of New York City—so much so that the East River crossing can now be found on T-shirts, posters, and other ephemera.

它不是一个建筑，但布鲁克林大桥是纽约市最著名的象征之一。

The more than mile-long span is notable for its suspension construction, which was considered revolutionary when it was built in the 1880s, and its beautiful stone anchorages, with their elegant Gothic arches.

超过一英里的跨度因其悬挂结构而闻名，它在19世纪80年代建造时被认为是革命性的，还有它美丽的石头锚碇和优雅的哥特式拱门。

02

Statue of Liberty National Monument

The Statue of Liberty is easily the most famous and recognizable New York structure, and we have the French to thank for it. 

自由女神像无疑是纽约最著名、最容易辨认的建筑，这要感谢法国人。

Sculptor Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi designed 151-foot-tall Lady Liberty while Gustave Eiffel built it (American Richard Morris Hunt created the pedestal). It was dedicated on October 28, 1886. 

雕塑家弗雷德里克·奥古斯特·巴托尔迪设计了151英尺高的自由女神，古斯塔夫·埃菲尔建造了它(美国人理查德·莫里斯·亨特制作了基座)。它于1886年10月28日落成。

Constructed of copper, the statue didn’t take on its well-known blue-green patina until it was 20 years old, and at that point, it was almost painted over. 

这座铜像是用铜建造的，直到20年的时候才呈现出众所周知的蓝绿色，那时它几乎被油漆过了。

After September 11, the statue was closed to the public until 2009; that year, she saw her most visitors ever: 3.2 million.

911之后，这座雕像一直对公众关闭到2009年;那一年，她接待了有史以来最多的游客:320万。

03

One World Trade Center

The road to One World Trade Center’s completion was long and rocky—one that included several different designs for the building (the ultimate winner: Skidmore, Owings & Merrill) and many, many delays—but the building finally welcomed its first tenants in 2014, 13 years after the terrorist attacks that destroyed the Twin Towers. Its height, 1,776 feet, makes it the tallest building in the city.

世贸中心一号大楼竣工的道路漫长而崎岖，这栋建筑终于在2014年迎来了第一批租户，也就是在恐怖袭击摧毁双子塔13年后。

再来缅怀一下双子塔悲剧

昔日Twin Towers

The history of Twin Towers

The twin towers of the World Trade Center were more than just buildings. They were proof of New York's belief in itself. Built at a time when New York's future seemed uncertain, the towers restored confidence and helped bring a halt to the decline of lower Manhattan. Brash, glitzy, and grand, they quickly became symbols of New York.

世贸中心的双子塔不仅仅是建筑。它们证明了纽约对自己的信心。在纽约的未来似乎还不确定的时候，双子塔重建了人们的信心，阻止了曼哈顿下城的衰落。傲慢、耀眼、宏伟，它们迅速成为纽约的象征。

The World Trade Center was conceived in the early 1960s by the Downtown-Lower Manhattan Development Association to revitalize the seedy radio row dominated by electronic stores. Chase Manhattan Bank chairman David Rockefeller, founder of the development association, and his brother, New York governor Nelson Rockefeller, pushed hard for the project, insisting it would benefit the entire city.

世界贸易中心是20世纪60年代早期由市中心-曼哈顿下城发展协会构思的，目的是振兴以电子商店为主的破旧无线电街区。开发协会创始人、大通曼哈顿银行董事长戴维·洛克菲勒(David Rockefeller)和他的兄弟、纽约州州长纳尔逊·洛克菲勒(Nelson Rockefeller)大力推动该项目，坚称它将使整个城市受益。

In order to create the 16-acre World Trade Center site, five streets were closed off and 164 buildings were demolished. Construction required the excavation of more than 1.2 million cubic yards of earth, which was used to create 23.5 acres of land along the Hudson River, now part of Battery Park City in lower Manhattan. During peak construction periods, 3,500 people worked at the site. A total of 10,000 people worked on the towers; 60 died during its construction.

为了建造16英亩的世贸中心遗址，5条街道被封锁，164栋建筑被拆除。施工需要挖掘120多万立方码的泥土，用来在哈德逊河沿岸创造23.5英亩的土地，现在是曼哈顿下城炮台公园城的一部分。在建筑高峰期，有3500人在工地上工作。总共有1万人参与了建造双子塔的工作;60人在建造过程中死亡。

The north tower was opened in Dec. 1970 and the south tower in Jan. 1972; they were dedicated in April 1973. They were the world's tallest buildings for only a short time, since the Sears Tower in Chicago was completed in May 1973. However, the towers were ranked as the fifth and sixth tallest buildings in the world at the time of their destruction on Sept. 11, 2001.

北塔于1970年12月开放，南塔于1972年1月开放;它们于1973年4月落成。自从1973年5月芝加哥的西尔斯大厦竣工后，这两幢大楼在很短的一段时间内都是世界上最高的建筑。然而，在2001年9月11日双子塔被毁时，它们分别位列世界第五和第六高的建筑。

04

Woolworth Building

Cass Gilbert's copper-topped skyscraper was once described as "the cathedral of commerce," thanks to its neo-Gothic architecture and its owner, retail guru F. W. Woolworth. The elegant building is currently undergoing big changes, as the uppermost floors are converted into ultra-luxury condos; thankfully, that won't disturb the ornate lobby, which is off-limits to the general public but can be viewed on regular tours of the interior. 

卡斯·吉尔伯特(Cass Gilbert)设计的铜顶摩天大楼曾被称为“商业大教堂”，这要归功于它的新哥特式建筑风格，以及它的主人、零售业巨头伍尔沃斯(F. W. Woolworth)。

这座优雅的建筑目前正经历着巨大的变化，最上层将被改造成超豪华的公寓。

值得庆幸的是，这并没有影响到华丽的大堂，它是禁止公众参观的，但可以定期参观内部。

05

Empire State Building

There may be taller buildings, or more innovative ones, but this Art Deco beauty is perhaps New York City's most beloved building. 

这里可能有更高的建筑，或者更有创意的建筑，但是这个装饰艺术之美可能是纽约市最受欢迎的建筑。

It was the tallest skyscraper in the world upon completion in 1931 (surpassing the Chrysler Building, which was finished in 1930), and remained so until the original World Trade Center topped out in the 1970s. 

1931年完工时，它是世界上最高的摩天大楼(超过了1930年完工的纽约克莱斯勒大厦)，并一直保持到20世纪70年代原世贸中心(world Trade Center)落成为止。

Its mark on the skyline is indelible, but it's also a pop-culture icon, having appeared in movies and TV shows and varied as the original King Kong, Sleepless in Seattle, and Doctor Who. 

它在天际线上的印记是不可磨灭的，但它也是流行文化的标志，曾出现在电影和电视节目中，并以《金刚》、《西雅图夜未眠》和《神秘博士》等多种形式出现。

06

Grand Central Terminal

This century-old Beaux Arts beauty is home to many hidden treasures. 

这个有着百年历史的艺术建筑是许多隐藏宝藏的家园。

There's the Whispering Gallery, close to the iconic Oyster Bar; the Campbell Apartment, a cocktail bar hidden within an old office; the secret tunnel that connected the train station to the Waldorf Astoria Hotel; and the fabled "M42," a bunker that may contain electrical equipment, but no one really knows. But even if you never uncover its secrets, you won't be missing out: The terminal's grand main concourse is perhaps the prettiest train depot in the country. (And certainly this city.)

低语画廊，靠近标志性的牡蛎酒吧;坎贝尔公寓，一个隐藏在旧办公室里的鸡尾酒吧;连接火车站和华尔道夫酒店的秘密隧道;还有传说中的“M42”，一个可能装有电气设备，但没有人真正知道的地堡。

但是，即使你从未揭开它的秘密，你也不会错过:这个航站楼宏伟的主大厅可能是美国最漂亮的火车站。(当然还有这个城市。)

07

Chrysler Building

If the Empire State Building is the best-known of New York City's skyscrapers, then the Chrysler Building is perhaps the city's loveliest. 

如果帝国大厦是纽约市最著名的摩天大楼，那么克莱斯勒大厦可能是这个城市最可爱的。

The Chrysler building located midtown, Manhattan has been in existence since its opening in 1930 and was the tallest skyscraper for one year up until it was surpassed by the Empire State building. To this day however, this art decor style skyscraper still holds the record for being the tallest brick building in the world.

位于曼哈顿中城的克莱斯勒大厦自1930年开放以来就一直是最高的摩天大楼，直到有一年被帝国大厦(Empire State building)超越。然而直到今天，这座艺术装饰风格的摩天大楼仍然保持着世界上最高的砖建筑的记录。

08

 Rockefeller Center

The erstwhile General Electric building (it was renamed for new owner Comcast in 2015) is the anchor of Rockefeller Center in Midtown. 

昔日的通用电气大楼(2015年为新东家康卡斯特重新命名)是中城区洛克菲勒中心的中心。

And thanks to its myriad attractions—the Top of the Rock observation deck, NBC's studios, the Rainbow Room—the Art Deco tower is a landmark in its own right. 

由于它无数的景点——岩石顶部的观景台，全国广播公司的工作室，彩虹室——装饰艺术塔本身就是一个地标。

It's also the setting for one of the most famous NYC photographs: Lunch Atop a Skyscraper, taken in 1932 while the building was under construction, was taken on the building's 69th floor.

这是纽约最著名的照片之一:在摩天大楼上午餐的场景。这张照片拍摄于1932年，当时大楼正在建设中，拍摄地点是大楼的第69层。

The Rockefeller family is an American industrial, political, and banking family that owns one of the world's largest fortunes. The fortune was made in the American petroleum industry during the late 19th and early 20th centuries by John D. Rockefeller and his brother William Rockefeller, primarily through Standard Oil. The family has had a long association with, and control of, Chase Manhattan Bank. As of 1977 the Rockefellers were considered one of the most powerful families in the history of the United States.

洛克菲勒家族是美国工业、政治和银行业的家族，拥有世界上最大的财富之一。19世纪末20世纪初，约翰·d·洛克菲勒(John D. Rockefeller)和他的兄弟威廉·洛克菲勒(William Rockefeller)通过标准石油公司(Standard Oil)在美国石油工业中赚取了大笔财富。这个家族与大通曼哈顿银行(Chase Manhattan Bank)有着长期的联系，并控制着这家银行。1977年，洛克菲勒家族被认为是美国历史上最有权势的家族之一。

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