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PET大作文有两种类型，书信和续写故事。本期小海只介绍书信的写作⽅法；同时，小海也建议各位考⽣选择书信的题⽬，放弃续写故事。PET⼤作⽂的具体要求是写⼀篇字数在100词左右的电⼦邮件或者⾮正式信件。该部分的书信写作类型通常是写给朋友的⾮正式书信。⾮正式书信的写作有其固定的模板，包含称呼语、问候语、过渡语、正⽂、结尾、签名⼏个部分。

在正⽂部分，我们需要掌握⼏个最重要的语⾔功能，例如，表示顺序，表示建议，表示转折、表示递进、表示因果的建议功能。 

PET⼤作⽂是 PET 写作部分的三个题型中的第三题；写作部分的总分是25分，⼤作⽂的分数为15分。PET ⼤作⽂的分值很⾼，⽽且通过训练，哪怕是基础较弱的考⽣⼀般也能得到13分左右的分数，因此⼀定要花功夫提⾼⾃⼰的⼤作⽂的写作。⾮正式书信的写作应该包括以下六个部分： 

1. 称呼语 

2. 问候语 

3. 过渡语 

4. 正⽂ 

5. 结尾语 

6. 签名 

接下来小海会给⼤家介绍⾮正式书信写作的六个部分的最佳句式。

1.称呼语

应⽤示范 Dear Alan, Hello James, Hi Jenny, 
称呼语的使⽤较为简单，需要注意的是，我们不可以说“Dear friend”，哪怕题⽬中并没有说明收信⼈的姓名，因为给朋友写信的时候，没有⼈会写“Dear friend”——我们总是知道朋友的名字的。所以如果题⽬没有指明朋友姓名的话，不妨随便想⼀个。 称呼语的标点的使⽤也需要注意，⼀定要注意称呼语后⾯的标点是逗号，既不能省略，也不要写错。

2.问候语

⽅式⼀：感谢对⽅来信 Thank you for your letter/email. Thanks for writing to me. 
⽅式⼆：你最近怎么样 How are you doing lately? How have you been recently? How’s everything going? How are you? 
⽅式三：我很⾼兴收到你的信 It’s so nice to receive your letter and catch up on all your news. It’s great to hear from you! It’s a pleasure to get your letter. 
问候语是在称呼语之后，正⽂之前，需要写的⼀些客套的话。就像中⽂的书信⼀样，所有的问候语都⼤同⼩异，⽽且有较为固定的写法。我们在使⽤问候语的时候，要将以上三种⽅式灵活组合使⽤，打出“组合拳”。（问候语的词数⼀般在10-15之间）⽐如： Thank you for your letter. It’s really nice to hear from you! How have you been recently? 或者 How’s everything going? It’s great to hear from you and catch up on all your news.

3.过渡语

应⽤示范

I’m so excited/sorry to know/learn/hear that …

Good to know that … 

In your letter, you mentioned/said that … 

In your letter, you asked me what/when/where/why/how … 

In your letter, you asked me about …

过渡语的作⽤是让我们的书信从前⾯的问候和客套话顺畅地转⾄正⽂。过渡语部分最好提⼀下朋友信中所写内容，但尽量不要照抄，要⽤⾃⼰的话归纳总结。朋友所问的问题也不要照抄，需要按照间语引语的规则改写。下⾯我们就两个情景，给⼤家做⼀个示范。（过渡语词数⼀般在25左右） 

情景⼀：朋友刚刚搬到了⼀个新公寓；想让你就买什么家具给⼀些建议。 

Good to know that you just moved to a new apartment, and you also asked me what furniture you should get.

情景⼆：朋友驾照考试没通过，向你寻求⼀些建议。

I’m sorry to hear that you didn’t do very well in your driving test, and you asked me what you could do to pass it.

4.正文

正⽂部分是整个书信部分的核⼼，建议⼤家在写正⽂的时候⼀定要先想清楚⾃⼰要写什么，最好在试卷上（最终你的作⽂要写到答题卡上）列出⼀个简单的⼤纲，写出⾃⼰要写的要点。 正⽂部分⼀定要写出朋友来信中询问的所有的要点，如果有⼀个要点没有写，可能会扣不少分。 正⽂部分的写作要注意的另⼀个问题是，很多考⽣在回答问题的时候总是回答得不太合适，可能是因为没有正确地理解问题，也有可能是因为⾃⼰⽣活经验不⾜。总之，回答问题前，⼀定要在⼼中问问⾃⼰，这个回答是否合适，如果别⼈看到这个回答，会不会有困惑的地⽅。正⽂写作结构：回答朋友信中提出的所有问题，每个问题可采⽤以下结构来回答： 论点 + 论据 所谓论点，就是你对问题直接的回复。论据，就是对你的回答的⼀个补充和扩展。 
情景⼀：Do you prefer books or magazines?I prefer magazines to books, and that’s because books are too long to fifinish and they give me too much pressure.
情景⼆：What kinds of fifilms are popular in your country?In China, comedy, science fifiction, and action fifilms are pretty popular. Whenever these kinds of fifilms are shown, cinemas are always full of movie-goers.
情景三：Tell me about your friends.I don’t have a lot of friends and I met most of them in my school. We get to play together during the recess at school, but we don't often hang out after school because we are all busy.
情景四：How much TV do you watch?I don’t watch much TV nowadays. It’s not that I don’t like TV shows, but it’s just that I watch most of my favorite TV shows on my computer.
情景五：Do people watch too much TV these days?I don’t think people watch too much TV these days, but they are defifinitely spending too much time using their cell phones.
情景六：What is it like where you live?My neighborhood is big and modern. It’s got a big mall and a lot of other shops where you can get most of the things you like. The only thing I don’t like that much is there aren’t many good restaurants.
情景七：What do you think I should do to keep fifit?First, why don’t you go and play some kind of team sport with your friends on the weekends? Next, if I were you, I’d go to a gym near the company and go there after work before I go home. Last but not least, you could always set an alarm clock to remind you to stand up and stretch every hour when you are at work.
通过以上七个情景，⼤家可以看出，如果⼀个题⽬中有3-4个问题，那个每个问题的回答不需要特别⻓；如果题⽬中只有1-2个问题，则每个问题需要回答得详细⼀些。7/21以下句式为正⽂写作中的常⽤句式，建议⼤家背诵熟记。 
表示顺序 First, ... Second, ... Third, ... Last, … Firstly, ... Secondly ... Thirdly, ... Lastly, … To start with, ... Next, ... Finally, … 
表示建议 If I were you, I would do ...Why don’t you do ...?Why not do ...?I suggest that you (should) do … I suggest doing ...You could/should/may do ...It might be a good idea to … What/How about doing …?
表示转折 however,yet ...but ...while ...althoughnevertheless,despite the fact that ...
表示递进 also,what’s more,in addition,furthermore,moreover,besides,
表示因果 becausebecause of ...due to ...therefore,soas a result,

5.结尾

结尾部分主要是告诉对⽅尽快回信，或者期待对⽅的来信。 
应⽤示范 Get back to me quickly and tell me …Please reply as soon as possible and let me know … Let me know what you think of … Hope to hear from you soon. Take care and stay in touch! Please write back to me soon! I’m looking forward to hearing from you!

6.签名

应⽤示范 
Yours, Best, Regards, [Your name] 
签名部分也要注意标点，在Yours、Best、Regards的后⾯都要加上逗号。最后的签名不必使⽤⾃⼰的真名，签上⼀个英⽂名即可。 

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