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句中其他成分的变化

句子结构的变化

 1）直接引语如果是陈述句，间接引语应改为由that引导的宾语从句。

如：She said, "Our bus will arrive in five minutes."

→She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes.

 2）直接引语如果是反意疑问句、选择疑问句或一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句。

如：He said, "Can you swim, John?"

→He asked John if he could swim.

"You have finished the homework, haven't you?" my mother asked. →My mother asked me whether I had finished the homework.

"Do you go to school by bus or by bike?"

→He asked me if I went to school by bus or by bike.

3）直接引语如果是特殊问句，间接引语应该改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句（宾语从句必须用陈述句语序）。

 She asked me, "When do they have their dinner?"

→She asked me when they had their dinner.

4）直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为"tell(ask, order, beg等) sb (not) to do sth."句型。

如："Don't make any noise," she said to the children.

 →She told (ordered) the children not to make any noise. "

Bring me a cup of tea, please," said she.

→She asked him to bring her a cup of tea.

 5）直接引语如果是以"Let's"开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用"suggest +动句词（或从句）。

"如：He said, "Let's go to the film." →He suggested going to the film.或He suggested that they should go to see the film.

【补充讲解】

Direct Speech

The teacher said to the students,“Use your time wisely.”

She said to me,“Open the door.”

The teacher said to the students,“Don’t waste your time.”

Indirect Speech

The teacher told the students to use their time wisely.

She asked me to open the door.

The teacher told the students not to waste their time.

总结：直接引语是祈使句时，采用“动词+宾语+不定式”结构，即ask/tell/order sb. (not) to do sth.

注意：直接引语如果是客观真理，变间接引语时，时态不变。

The teacher said,“The earth goes round the sun.”

→The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.

二. 经典例题

1.He asked ____ for the violin.

A. did I pay how much  B. I paid how much  

C. how much did I pay  D. how much I paid

2. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see _____.

A.who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is

3. Can you tell me ____?

A.how good is his spoken English  

B. how well his spoken English is

C. how well he speaks English     

D. how good he can speak English

4. He said that he had bought the jacket____.

A. before three days  B. three days before   

C. three days ago  D. last week

5. Did you say_____?

A. that what he said was true  B. that it was true that he said

C. what did he say was true     D. what he said it was true

6. Please tell me ____ from.

A. where do you come B. where you come

C. where you will come D. there you come

7. Ask her ____ come with us.

A  if she will  B. if or not she will

C.  that if she will  D. whether will she

8. The driver said that he ____ pick ____ a passenger at West Street.

A  will, up    B. would, up   

C. will, out   D. would, out

9. He said he ___ in 1993.

A .has born  B. had been born 

C. had born  D. was born

10. John ___ me he was going to help me with my English.

A. explained  B. spoke   C. told   D. said

11. He asked me ___I would go to Beijing by air the next day.

A. that if             B. if           

C. that whether  D. how

12. —Joyce, please don’t open the window.

  —Pardon?

  —I ______ open the window.

A. tell you don’t    B. tell you not to   

C. told you didn’t  D. told you not to

13. He_____they didn’t start early they wouldn’t catch the first bus.

A. said that if       B. asked if    

C. asked whether  D. said that whether

14. The teacher asked us ______ so much noise.      

A. don’t make   B. not make   

C. not making     D. not to make

15. The doctor asked me what _______  with me.

A. is wrong    B. wrong is   C. was wrong    D. wrong was

【参考答案】1—5 DDCCA  6—10 BABDC  11—15 BDADC

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