中考语法：一般疑问句和感叹句！

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一般疑问句定义

用yes或no（是否）来回答的疑问句叫一般疑问句。

一般疑问句结构

1、以系动词be开头：am,is,are（一般时）was，were（过去时）

句子结构：Be+主语+其他？

2、以情态动词开头：can，may，must，will（将来时），would

句子结构：情态动词+主语+动词原形+其他？

3、以普通助动词开头：Do，Does，（一般时）Did（过去时），have（现在完成时），had（过去完成时）

句子结构：普通助动词+主语+动词原形+其他？

一般疑问句回答

1、一般情况下，开头用什么提问就用什么回答。

肯定，Yes，主语 + 提问词.

否定，No，主语+提问词+not.

※主语是名字、名词时，答句主语：

人看性别，男的用he ,女的用she；非人单数/不可数名词用it；复数都用they。（有些动物根据英语习惯，也会有he/she之分。）

2、特殊形式：

must提问：必须……吗?

否定：不,不必……,即no,...needn't

may提问：可以……吗?

否定：不,不准.即no,...mustn't

3、但要注意，根据冀教英语小学教材：

Would you like+名词？

你想要些...吗？

肯定：Yes，please.

否定：No，thanks.

May I go to Beijing？

否定：No，you may not.

4、随着学习的深入，我们要知道，对一般疑问句的回答也不是一成不变的。肯定回答还可以用OK./Certainly.等；否定回答可用Sorry./Sorry，I can’t.等。

一般疑问句练习

1）Isshe a teacher?

Yes , she ____ .

No, she _____.

2） _____ the girlsoftenswim?

Yes ,____ do.

No, _____ don’t.

3） ____ your dad like listening to music?

Yes ,____ does .

No, ____ doesn’t.

4）_____ you wash his car yesterday?

Yes , ____ did.

No, ____ didn’t.

5） Canyou run fast?

Yes , I ______.

No, I ______.

6）_____ she a teacher?

Yes, she _____ .

No, she _____.

7） ______ you playing ball now?

Yes,I ______.

No, I ______.

8） ______ a pig jump?

Yes, it can.

No, it _____.

9） ______ five birds flying in the sky?

Yes, they _____ .

No, ____ aren’t.

10） _____ your father reading in the living room?

Yes, ____ is .

No, he _____.

参考答案

is,isn't

Do,they,they

Does,he,he

Did,I,I(we)

Can,can,can't

Is,is,isn't

Are,am,am not.

Can,can't

Are,are,they

Is,he,isn't.

肯定句变一般疑问句

（分步法）

1、含be动词、情态动词或完成时的句子

一提二抄三问号

一提：把系动词be、情态动词或have/has提前到句首主语前；

二抄：剩余部分照抄。（注意↓）

三问号：句尾改为问号。

I ama teacher.

Are youa teacher?

A birdcanfly.

Cana bird fly?

2、含行为动词（或称为实义动词）的句子（没有be或者情态动词）

一加二改三抄四问号

一加：根据人称、时态在句首加Do、Does和Did；

二改：把谓语动词改为原形；

三抄：其余部分照抄（注意↓）

四问号：句尾改为问号。

Wereadbooks every morning.

Doyoureadbooks every morning?

My fatherwatchesTV every evening.

Doesyour fatherwatchTV every evening？

抄写时注意↓：

1、这些主语称谓：I/my/mine/we/our/ours等第一人称需改为相应的第二人称you/your/yours等；相应的be也要改变；

2、原句中的some需要变成any。

一般疑问句专项练习

将下列句子改成一般疑问句并回答。

1. It is a lovely dog.

2. She will go home tomorrow.

3. He is my father.

4. They are Lily’s cousins.

5. We wereclassmates.

6. I am a doctor.

7 There is a bird in the tree.

8.There are many stars in the sky.

9. They are good friends.

10. I love my parents.

11. We hadlunch at 12 o'clock.

12. Jenny likes to fly a kite.

13. They have goneto the U.S.

14. They walk to school every morning.

15. I can swim.

参考答案

1.Is it a lovely dog?

Yes,it is . No, it isn’t.

2.Willshe go home tomorrow?

Yes,she will. No, she won't.

3.Is he your father?

Yes,he is . No, he isn’t.

4.Are they Lily’s cousins?

Yes,they are. No, they aren’t.

5.wereyou classmates?

Yes,we were. No, we were not.

6. Are you a doctor?

Yes , I am . No, I’m not.

7.Is there a bird in the tree?

Yes ,there is . No, there isn’t.

8. Are there many stars in the sky ?

Yes ,there are . No, there aren’t.

9. Are they good friends?

Yes,they are. No, they aren’t.

10. Do you love your parents?

Yes,I do. No,I don’t.

11. Didyou have lunch at 12 o'clock?

Yes,I did. No,I didn’t.

12. DoesJennylike to fly a kite?

Yes,shedoes. No,shedoesn’t.

13. Havethey go to church on Sunday?

Yes,they have. No,they haven’t.

14.Do they walk to school every morning?

Yes,they do. No,they don’t.

15.Can you swim?

Yes, I can. No, I can't.

感叹句定义

感叹句表达对人或事物的赞叹、惊讶、惋惜、愤怒、懊悔等情感，句末标点符号为“！”，语调为降调。

感叹句一般分为what引导和how引导

what后接名词/名词短语

how后接形容词/副词

感叹句相当于部分倒装句，把表语或状语（副词）部分放到引导词后面。

what引导

what+（a/an）+形容词+名词+（代词+be）

Whata beautiful girlshe is!（可数名词单数）

she isa beautiful girl.

Whata beautiful flowerit is!（可数名词单数）

It isa beautiful flower.

What beautiful flowers they are!（可数名词复数）

They are beautiful flowers.

What sunny and clear weather it is!（不可数名词）

It is sunny and clear weather.

注：代词+be可省略。

How引导

1、how+形容词+代词/the 名词+be

Howbeautifulthe girl is!（可数名词单数）

The girl isbeautiful.

Howhighthe mountain is!（可数名词单数）

The mountain ishigh.

How clever they are!（复数代词）

Theyare clever.

How sunny and clear the weather is!（不可数名词）

The weather is sunny and clear.

注：代词+be可省略。

2、how+形容词/副词+the+名词+谓语

Howdeliciousthe dumplings taste!

The dumplings tastedelicious.

Howhardthe workers are working!

The workers are workinghard. （状语提前）

3、how+形容词/副词+代词+谓语

Howfastthey run！

They runfast.（状语提前）

Howclearlyhe is speaking!

He is speakingclearly.（状语提前）

4、how+陈述句（how强调语气，可以翻译成“多么”）

Howshe loves her father!

Howtime flies!

5、修饰名词的形容词如果many， much， little， few等表数量词，只能用how句型

How many books he has！他的书真多！

How much money he gave her！他给了她好多钱呀！

How little money I have！我的钱多么少呀！

How few friends he has！他的朋友真少！

比较：What a little box it is！多小巧的盒子呀！（该little不表示数量）

其他形式感叹句

单个单词或词组构成的感叹句

Good idea!

Wonderful!

Great!

Have a good time!

感叹句应用

判定what还是how

一找·二分·三辨：

____cold water this is！

____cold it is！

一找：先找出句中的主语,be/谓语动词前的名词/代词为主语。

二分：把主语与前半部分分开。

____cold water /this is！

____cold /it is！

三辨：前半部分为名词/名词短语，用“what”（如果是可数名词单数，要加a/an）；前半部分为形容词/副词，用“how”。

What cold water /this is！

How cold /it is！

陈述句变感叹句

一分·二加·三换：

一分：在be/谓语动词后将句子分开。

This is/a beautiful flower．（后为名词短语）

This flower is/beautiful．（后为形容词，如有very修饰beautiful，very要去掉）

He runs/fast.（后为副词）

二加：名词或名词短语前+“what”，形容词/副词前＋“how”。

What a beautiful flower...

How beautiful...

How fast...

三换：将原句分开前后位置对换。

What a beautiful flower this is！

How beautiful this flower is！

How fast he runs！

what感叹句与how感叹句互换

熟记公式

what+（a/an）+形容词+名词+（代词+be）

how+形容词+the+名词+be

Whata beautiful girlshe is!

Howbeautifulthe girl is!

注：how+副词感叹句无法转换成what感叹句

感叹句练习题

一、单项选择

1.______ excellent basketball player Jeremy Lin (林书豪)is! I really love this talented guy.

A. How B. What C.How a D. What an

2. — The advantages of the Chongqi Bridge have already been seen.

— ______good news to us!

A.What B. What a C. How D. How a

3. ________ wonderful Yang Liping’s dance is!

A. What B. What a C. How D. How a

4. ______ deliciousfoodmy mothercooksevery day!

A.What a B.What C. How

5. ________ interesting book it is!

A. How B. What C. What an D. How a

6. ---______________ nice dress it is !

--- Thank you!

A, What a B. What C. How D. How a

7. —Did you enjoy the party last night?

—Very much. ______wonderful the party was!

A.What B. How C. What a D. How a

8 .— How is the movie“Snow White and the Huntsman” ?

— _____wonderful movie it is!

A.How B. How a C. What a

9. —______ weather! It’s raining

—Bad luck! We can’t go climbingtoday.

A. What bad B. How bad C. What fine

10. —This math problem is so difficult that only she can work it out.

—_____ clever the girl is!

A. How B.What a C. What

11.—It’s said that a foreign English teacher will teach us English next term.

—Wow! ______ ! We can practice our oral English better.

A. What anexcited news B. How excitedthe news is

C. Whatexciting news D. How excitingnews

12 ______ nice the ice cream looks! I can’t wait totaste it.

A. How a B. How C. What a D.What

13. __________ exciting news! We will have a __________ holiday after theexam.

A. What an; two months B. How an; two months

C. What; two—month D. How; two months’

14. “_______ delicious the ice cream is! Could yougive me one more?” “Sure.”

A. What B. How C. What a

15. — Steve, did you see the lantern show when you were in Fuzhou?

— Of course! ____________beautiful lanterns!

A.What B. How C. What a

16. —China DailyPaper! Today’s China Daily Paper!

“Students’ nutrition (营养)meal will be done research(调研)for in Chongqing.”

—______exciting news!

A. what a B. what an C. what D.how

17. —_____ fine day! Shall we go for a walk?

—That sounds great!

A. What B. How C. What a D. How a

18. —______ a nice day!

— ______.

A. How; Sois it. B. What; So is it.

C. What；So it is.

19.______ good advice the teacher gave me!

A.How B. What C. What a D. How a

20. ______children Simon and Jim are! They help Mrs. Liclean the house every day.

A. Hownice B. How brave

C. What nice D. What brave

21. —Did you enjoy the party last night?

—Very much.______ wonderful the party was!

A.What B. How C. What a D. How a

22._______an exciting basketball match! Miami Heatbeat New York Knicks at last.

A.How B.What C.That D.So

23. —______ hard Tony is working!

—Yes. We should learn from him.

A.What B. How C. What a D. How a

24. Woo! _______ beautiful Changde is!

A.How B. What C. What a

25.What______news it is!Nobody______ it.

A. a surprising, believes B. surprising, believes

C. a surprised, believe D. surprised, believe

26.______good advice! It’s sohelpful to us.

A.How B. What a C. What

27.______ fun it is to have ice cream in hot summer!

A. What a B. How C. What D. How a

28.____________ honest man he is!

A. What a B. How an C. How D. What an

29. Look! ________ happily the children are playing over there.

A. How B. What C. What a D . How a

30.—_________ sweet song it is.

— Yeah. It’s My Heart will go onsung by Celine Dion.

A.How B. How a C. What a D. What

二. 把下列句子改为感叹句：用what（what a/an）与 how填空

1.His handwriting is good. → _____________ good his handwriting is！

2. These photos are nice. →______________ nice these photos are！

3. Betty sings well. → _______ well Betty sings！

4. They are working hard. →__________hard they are working！

5. Jenny was very disappointed when she saw this.

→______________disappointed Jenny was when she sawthis.

6. It is a wonderful concert →____________a wonderful concert it is！

7. The young man speaks English well. →____________well the young manspeaks English！

8. He works hard at his lessons. →___________ hard he works at his lessons！

9. They are beautiful flowers. →_____________ beautiful flowers they are！

10. It is a difficult problem. →____________a difficult problem it is ！

11. Tom has strong arms. →___________ strong arms Tom has！

12. The pyramids are made of huge stones. →_________huge stones thepyramids are made of！

13. The cake is delicious →__________delicious the cake is！

14. This kind of flower smells nice. → ________nice this kind of flowersmells！

15. Time flies fast. →___________ fast time flies！

三．翻译句子

1.多么聪明的小男孩啊！

2.他工作多么努力啊！

3.她讲了一个多么有趣的故事啊！

4. 这是一棵多么高的树啊！

5.这是一个多么美丽的城市啊！

6.今天天气多好啊!

7.它是一件多么好的礼物啊!

8.她多么细心啊!

9.他跑得多快啊!

10.光阴似箭!

中考真题

1. 【湖南省湘西苗族自治州】—____________ fine it is today！Let’s go for a walk.

—That sounds good. Let’s go.

A. What B. How C. Which

2.【四川省凉山州】____________ nice weather it is! Let’s go for a picnic, Frank.

A. What B. What a C. How D. How a

3. 【江苏省淮安市】—It is said that 5G is coming. It will improve ourlife great!

—____________ amazing it is!

A. What an B. How a C. What D. How

4.【山东省青岛市】____________ special classes we had! We havelearned a lot about paper cutting.

A. What B. What a C.How a D. How

5. 【湖北省随州市】—All of my classmates have passed the PE test.

—____________ exciting the news is!

A. What B. What an C. How D. How an

6. 【甘肃省天水市】____________ exciting news it is! Beijing will hold2022 Winter Olympic Games.

A. What an B. What C. How D. How an

7. 【湖北省黄石市】____________ exciting news it is 1 3D-printedhouses will come out!

A. What B. What an C. How D. How an

8. 【吉林省中考】—____________ beautiful song it is!

—Yes. It is Taylor Swift’s new song.

A. How B. What C. What a

9. 【四川省广元市】____________ fine weather it is!

A. What a B. How C. What

10. 【广西省北部湾经济区】—Look at my new dress.

—Wow! ____________ beautiful it is!

A. How B. How a C. What D. What a

11. 【甘肃武威市】____________ useful the information you’ve provided is!

A. What a B. What C. What an D. How

12. 【江苏省宿迁市】—____________ wonderful the music is! What’s itsname?

—Victory.

A. How B. How a C. What D. What a

13. 【湖南省长沙市】____________ fun it is to have a field trip on theOrange Island!

A. What B. What a C. How

14. 【广东省中考】____________ smart the driverless car is! I reallywant to have one.

A. What B. What a C. What an D. How

15. 【黑龙江省哈尔滨市】—Lucy, look at the stars in the sky.

—____________!

A. What bright it is

B. How bright they are

C. What bright they are

16.【贵州省贵阳市】—Yan Ning is one of 25 foreign associates(院士) in the US National Academy of Sciences.

—___________ excellent she is!

A. What an B. What C. How

17. 【青海省中考】___________ useful advice you gave us!

A. What B. What a C. How

18. 【内蒙古呼和浩特市】Guan Dong saved an old lady out of the YangtzeRiver. ___________ great courage he showed!

A. What a B. What C. How a D. How

19. 【湖南省邵阳市】—___________ different life is today!

—Yeah. We are all living a happy and rich life now.

A. What a B. How C. What

20. 【海南省中考】—___________ hard-working boy Zhou Bin is!

—Yes. I’ m sure he’ll pass the test.

A. What a B. What C. How

参考答案及解析

一、单项选择

1【答案】D excellent basketball player是可数名词短语，用what，又excellent开头发原音，故冠词要用an

2【答案】A news是不可数名词，用what

3【答案】C wonderful 是形容词，用how

4【答案】B food是不可数名词，用what

5【答案】C interesting book为可数名词，前用what，interesting元音开头，加an

6【答案】A nice dress为可数名词短语，前用what，单数前用a

7【答案】B wonderful为形容词，其前面要用how

8【答案】C wonderful movie为可数名词短语，所以开头要用what，前面要加a

9【答案】A weather是不可数名词，用what；根据答语中Bad luck!可知天气很糟糕，故选A。

10【答案】A clever为形容词，使用how

11【答案】C news是不可数名词，用what

12【答案】B nice为形容词，使用how

13【答案】C news是不可数名词，用what

14【答案】B delicious是形容词，用how

15【答案】A beautiful lanterns是名词复数短语。用what

16【答案】C exciting news是不可数名词短语。用what

17【答案】C day是可数名词单数，用what a

18【答案】C day是可数名词单数，用what a；

So it is.为So+陈述句，表示“肯定，赞同前面说过的话”，指的是一件事。（本句）

So is it.为So＋倒装句，表示“前面说的情况也适合于后面的人或物”，指的是两件事。

19【答案】B advice是不可数名词，用what

20【答案】C children是可数名词复数，用what

21【答案】B wonderful为形容词，用how

22【答案】Ban exciting basketball match为名词短语，用what

23【答案】B hard为副词，用how

24【答案】A beautiful为形容词，用how

25【答案】B news是不可数名词，用what；不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。

26【答案】C 考查感叹句的用法, advice为不可数名词，用what来修饰，选C.

27【答案】B 考查感叹句的用法, fun为形容词，用how来

28【答案】D man为可数名词单数，honest首字母发音为元音，用what an

29【答案】A happily为副词，用how修饰。

30【答案】C song为可数名词单数，用what a修饰。

二. 把下列句子改为感叹句：

1. How. 2. How 3. How

4. How 5. How 6. What

7. How 8. How 9.What

10. What 11. What 12. What

13. How 14. How 15. How

三、翻译句子

1.What a clever boy he is！

2.How hard he works!

3.What an interesting story she told!

4.How tall a tree itis!

5.What a beautiful cityit is!

6.What fine weather it is today!

7.What a nice present it is!

8.How careful she is!

9.How fast he runs!

10.How time flies!

中考真题参考答案

1. B【解析】!fine是形容词，用how

2.A【解析】nice weather不可数名词短语。用what

3.D【解析】amazing是形容词，用how。

4.A【解析】special classe是可数名词复数短语，用what

5. C【解析】exciting是形容词，用how

6. B【解析】exciting news为不可数名词短语，用what

7. A【解析】exciting news为不可数名词短语，用what

8. C【解析】beautiful song为可数名词单数短语，用what a

9. C【解析】fine weather为不可数名词短语，用what

10. A【解析】beautiful为形容词，用how

11. D【解析】useful为形容词，用how；you’ve provided为information的后置定语

12. A【解析】wonderful是形容词，用how

13. A【解析】fun用作形容词时只能在名词前作定语，因此本句中fun是不可数名词，用what

14. D【解析】smart是形容词，用how

15. B【解析】how句型“how+形容词+代词/the名词+be”。

16.C【解析】excellent是形容词，，用how，

17. A【解析】useful advice 为不可数名词短语，用what

18.B【解析】courage是不可数名词，用What

19. B【解析】different是形容词，用how

20. A【解析】hard﹣working boy是单数可数名词短语，用what a

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